Why Use Electric Linear Actuators? Benefits and Applications

Electric linear actuators provide a practical way to push, pull, lift, lower or position a load using controlled linear motion. They convert the rotational movement of an electric motor into straight-line movement, making them suitable for industrial equipment, agricultural machinery, architectural automation and everyday applications.

When designing a motion control system, you may need to choose between electric, hydraulic and pneumatic actuation. Each option has its place, but electric linear actuators are often selected when an application requires precise positioning, clean operation, straightforward integration and reliable control.

So, why use electric linear actuators? Their combination of accuracy, flexibility and relatively simple installation makes them a strong choice for applications ranging from automated windows and solar panels to robotics and manufacturing equipment.

What Is an Electric Linear Actuator?

An electric linear actuator is a device that uses an electric motor to create movement along a straight line. Inside the actuator, the motor typically rotates a screw mechanism that moves an extending tube or rod inwards or outwards.

This motion can be used to:

• Push or pull an object
• Raise or lower equipment
• Open and close windows, doors, vents or hatches
• Tilt or position a panel
• Adjust machinery or furniture
• Control the movement of valves
• Automate repetitive manual tasks

Depending on the model and control system, an actuator may be operated using a switch, remote control, sensor, programmable controller or automation platform.

TecHome supplies a wide selection of electric linear actuators for light, medium and heavy-duty applications.

How Do Electric Linear Actuators Work?

An electric linear actuator uses electrical energy to power a motor. The motor turns an internal lead screw or ball screw, which converts rotational movement into linear movement. This causes the actuator rod to extend or retract.

The direction of movement can generally be reversed by changing the polarity supplied to a DC actuator. More advanced systems may incorporate motor controllers, limit switches, Hall Effect Sensors or other feedback devices to manage speed, position and synchronisation.

The actuator’s performance depends on several specifications, including:

• Load or force capacity
• Stroke length
• Retracted and extended length
• Operating speed
• Input voltage
• Duty cycle
• IP rating
• Feedback and control options

Matching these specifications to the application is essential for safe and reliable operation.

What Are the Benefits of Electric Linear Actuators?

Precise and Repeatable Movement

Electric linear actuators can provide accurate, controlled movement. When used with suitable feedback and control equipment, they can stop at designated positions and repeat the same movement across multiple operating cycles.

This makes electric actuation useful for equipment that requires controlled positioning rather than simple fully open or fully closed movement.

Clean Operation

Electric actuators do not require hydraulic fluid or compressed-air lines. This removes the risk of hydraulic fluid leaks and makes electric actuation suitable for applications where cleanliness is important.

Food manufacturing, medical equipment, laboratories and clean production environments may benefit from an actuation system that does not depend on fluid-powered components.

Straightforward Installation

An electric linear actuator system usually requires an actuator, mounting hardware, electrical wiring and a compatible control method. It does not require the pumps, hoses, valves, reservoirs or compressors associated with many hydraulic and pneumatic systems.

The actual installation requirements will depend on the application, load and control system. However, electric actuators can often be incorporated into new or existing equipment without extensive supporting infrastructure.

Flexible Control Options

Electric actuators can be integrated with switches, remote controls, sensors, programmable controllers and building automation systems.

Depending on the actuator and controller, available functions may include:

• Extend and retract control
• Adjustable stopping positions
• Electronic limits
• Speed control
• Position feedback
• Remote operation
• Bluetooth control
• Automatic activation from rain, wind or environmental sensors
• Synchronised operation of multiple actuators

For applications requiring two actuators to move together, read our guide explaining how dual actuator synchronisation works.

Quiet Operation

Many electric linear actuators operate more quietly than comparable hydraulic or pneumatic systems. This can be important in homes, offices, healthcare environments, hospitality venues and furniture applications where excessive noise may be disruptive.

Actual noise levels will vary according to the actuator model, load, speed and installation.

Reduced Routine Maintenance

Electric actuators have fewer external system components than many fluid-powered alternatives. There are no hydraulic hoses to inspect for fluid leaks and no compressed-air system that must be maintained specifically for the actuator.

Maintenance requirements still vary between models and applications. Correct installation, appropriate loading and operation within the rated duty cycle remain important for long-term performance.

Energy Used When Movement Is Required

Electric actuators generally draw their main operating power while extending or retracting. This can provide an efficient solution for intermittent applications where movement is only required at specific times.

Power consumption depends on actuator design, load, operating frequency, voltage and control equipment. Electrical holding power may also be required in some system designs, so energy performance should be assessed for the complete application.

Compact and Adaptable Design

Electric linear actuators are available in different sizes, force ratings, stroke lengths and housing designs. Compact models can be fitted into furniture or enclosed equipment, while heavy-duty models can support industrial and agricultural applications.

This range allows designers and equipment manufacturers to select an actuator that suits the available installation space and required movement.

Electric vs Hydraulic and Pneumatic Actuators

Electric, hydraulic and pneumatic systems each have different strengths.

Electric linear actuators are often preferred when an application needs:

• Accurate positioning
• Clean operation
• Simple electrical control
• Lower system complexity
• Quiet movement
• Easy integration with sensors or automation platforms
• Intermittent or controlled motion

Hydraulic actuation may be more appropriate for certain applications requiring very high force or rugged fluid-powered operation. Pneumatic systems may suit fast, repetitive movement where an existing compressed-air supply is available.

The correct choice depends on required force, speed, precision, duty cycle, operating environment and available infrastructure.

For a more detailed comparison, see why you may choose an electric linear actuator over a hydraulic system.

Where Are Electric Linear Actuators Used?

1. Material Handling

Across diverse industries, streamlined material-handling processes are essential for efficient manufacturing operations. Electric linear actuators offer controlled and reliable movement for positioning, lifting, sorting and adjusting equipment on the factory floor.

They may be incorporated into conveyors, lifting devices, access panels, clamps and other automated systems where repeatable motion is required.

2. Robotics and Automated Equipment

From automotive assembly lines to specialised technology industries, robotics can improve productivity, precision and automation.

Electric linear actuators can provide controlled movement, acceleration and force in robotic and automated equipment. Depending on the system, they may be used for positioning, gripping, lifting or adjusting components.

3. Food and Beverage Manufacturing

Hygiene is essential in environments where equipment and surfaces must be kept clean. Electric actuators operate without hydraulic fluid and can be suitable for food and beverage manufacturing, medical-device production and other controlled environments.

The actuator’s materials, ingress-protection rating and suitability for cleaning procedures must still be checked for the intended environment.

4. Window and Ventilation Automation

Large facilities may use natural ventilation to help regulate indoor temperature and air quality. Electric linear actuators can remotely open and close windows, vents and louvres, reducing the need for manual operation.

They can also be connected to environmental sensors or building control systems to respond automatically to changes in temperature, rain or other conditions.

5. Agricultural Machinery

Hydraulic systems remain common in heavy agricultural equipment, but electric actuators can suit applications requiring controlled, compact or repeatable movement.

Possible uses include combines, spreaders, tractors, ventilation systems, access panels and positioning equipment. Outdoor agricultural applications require actuators with appropriate protection against water, dust, vibration and temperature changes.

6. Solar Panel Positioning

Solar tracking systems adjust the angle of solar panels as the sun’s position changes. Electric actuators can provide controlled and consistent movement for panel positioning in suitable commercial installations and solar farms.

The actuator must be selected according to the panel size, wind load, mounting geometry, stroke length and environmental exposure.

7. Cutting and Processing Equipment

Precision is important in industries such as carpet manufacturing, packaging and printing. Electric actuators may be used to raise, lower or position cutting components with controlled movement.

Their clean design can also benefit applications where hydraulic fluid is undesirable, including cleanrooms and controlled production areas.

8. Valve Operation

Processing facilities use valves to control the flow of liquids, gases and other materials. Electric linear actuators can automate valve movement and provide controlled positioning in water treatment, chemical processing and other industrial systems.

The actuator must be compatible with the required valve force, operating environment and control system.

9. Architectural Automation

Electric actuators are used in opening roofs, louvres, hatches, doors, shading systems and other moving architectural features.

They can provide convenient remote operation and may be connected to rain, wind or building automation systems. Appropriate load calculations, mounting design and weather resistance are essential for exposed architectural applications.

10. Residential and Office Applications

Beyond industrial environments, electric linear actuators are used in homes, offices and commercial spaces.

Applications include:

• Remote-controlled windows
• Adjustable desks and workstations
• Reclining furniture
• Television lifts
• Automated blinds and shading
• Accessibility equipment
• Adjustable beds and seating
• Concealed storage systems

Compact size, controlled motion and relatively quiet operation make electric actuators suitable for applications where space and user comfort are important.

When Is an Electric Linear Actuator Not the Right Choice?

Electric linear actuators are versatile, but they are not suitable for every application.

A different type of actuation may be needed when:

• The required force exceeds the available electric actuator capacity
• Extremely high operating speeds are required
• The application requires continuous operation beyond the actuator’s duty cycle
• The operating environment exceeds the actuator’s IP or temperature rating
• Existing hydraulic or pneumatic infrastructure makes another system more practical
• The application requires specialised compliance or safety certification

The actuator should always be selected according to the complete mechanical and electrical requirements of the project.

How to Choose the Right Electric Linear Actuator

Before selecting an actuator, consider the following specifications.

Required Force

Determine the force needed to move the load, taking account of weight, angle, friction, mounting geometry and an appropriate safety margin. Do not select an actuator based solely on the object’s weight.

Stroke Length

Stroke length is the total distance travelled by the actuator between its fully retracted and fully extended positions. It should match the movement required by the application.

Retracted and Extended Length

Confirm that the actuator will fit within the available installation space in both positions. Measure between the relevant mounting points according to the actuator specifications.

Operating Speed

Actuator speed usually changes under load. Review the performance data for the expected working load rather than relying only on the unloaded speed.

Voltage and Power Supply

Common options include 12V and 24V DC actuators. The power supply and controller must provide the correct voltage and sufficient current for the application.

Duty Cycle

Duty cycle describes how long an actuator can operate within a specified period before it needs time to cool. Applications with frequent or continuous movement require careful duty-cycle selection.

Operating Environment

For outdoor, dusty, wet or harsh environments, review the actuator’s ingress-protection rating, operating-temperature range, materials and resistance to vibration or corrosion.

Feedback and Control

Decide whether the application requires basic extend-and-retract movement or more advanced functions such as position feedback, electronic limits, speed control or synchronisation.

If you are uncertain about the required specifications, complete TecHome’s Actuator Enquiry Form with the force, stroke, voltage and application information available.

Why Choose TecHome Electric Linear Actuators?

TecHome supplies electric linear actuators for residential, commercial and industrial projects across Australia. Available options include compact, light-duty, medium-duty and heavy-duty actuators with different stroke lengths, force ratings, voltages and control capabilities.

Our team can help you assess:

• Required load and force
• Stroke length
• Installation dimensions
• Operating speed
• Voltage and power supply
• Duty cycle
• Environmental exposure
• Mounting arrangement
• Controller compatibility
• Feedback or synchronisation requirements

Explore the complete TecHome linear actuator range or submit your project requirements for a tailored recommendation.